Turning-tool.



PATENTED JULY 23,1907.

J. HARTNESS.

TURNING TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED NOV, 24, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED JULY 23, 1907.

J. HARTNESS.

TURNING TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 24. 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2 PATENTED JULY 23, 1907.

J. HARTN ESS. TURNING TOOL. APPLIUTION FILED NOV. 24. 1905- 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Nb. 860,802. PATENTED JULY 23, 1907. J. HARTN TURNING T iimlwuuuxm Z UNiTEo STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' JAMES HARTNESS, OF SPRINGFIELD, VERMONT.

TUB NING-TOOL.-

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 23, 1907.

Application filed November 24,1905. swarm. 288.970.

5 Turning-Tools, of which the following a specificalathes, oi the general character of that set forth in Lettcrs-Patent, 769,2l9 granted to me September 6, 19 04. The object of the present invention is to provide certain improvements in turning-tools oi the character referred to, in consequence oi which the work may be more accurately and firmly supported by the work rests than heretofore, by which the cutter may be easily-adj usted with relation to the work and securely held against loose movement and the pressure of the work rests upoh the work be distributed over greater areas. I

The invention has further to provide improvements lective than heretofore.

Referring to the accompanying drawings which illustrate one embodiment of the invention, Figurc represents my improved turning-tool in plan view and also represents a portionoi a turret lathe: Fig.2 represents a front elevation of the tool :Fig. 3 represents a side elevation: Fig. 4 represents a rear elevation: Fig. 5 represents a vertical section from front torear oi the too'l: Fig. 6 represents a section on line 6-6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 represents a section on theline 7-7 of Fig. 3: Fig. .8 represents a section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 4: Fig. 9 represents in perspect-iveone of the holders and the abutments carried thereby Figs. 10 and 11 illustrate one of the work rests and the carrier therefor: Fig. 12

I 5 represents a section on the line til--12 of Fig. 4: Fig. 13

represents the work rests as being formed with reentrant angles: Fig. 14 representsst'illanother [o -m of I work rest. 4 r I 1 .As I design my tools more especially tor employment provided ,with a base adapted to fit upon the top of a fiat turret. The base 'of the tool is indicated at 2i and from it rises a standard or irame 22 through "which th re an opening for the passage of the work. V The tool is preferably provided. with a cutter 23 and with work rests 24-=25. Each of these three elements .is mounted upon an independent carrier mounted to swing upon an axis substantially parallel with the axis oithe work. The carrier 26 is formed with a semi- .10 cylindrical bearing 28 whichencirclcs thescrcw 27 and amine; seat in thecomplemental socket 29 formed in the standard or body 2 It is held inplace by the bolt for making the tool as'a whole more rigid, and more eion a fiat turret lathe, I have illustrated the tool as 27 passed into the standard or body 22; a short distance above the base 21 and by a gib hereinafter described. The cutter 23, which maybe oi the usual bar type, is dovetailed into a groove in the face ofthe carrier, and after being adjusted to position is secured in place by any suitable clamping mechanism, such as a screw 30,

against a similar angularly arranged Wedg e pin 32 to move it against the cutter. .These pins have beveled engaging ends as shown in Figs. 2 and 7. The cutter carrier is adapted to be normally held away from the work by a spring 33 and pin 34 which are arranged in a suitable socket formed in the frame 22, theforwar'd end of the pin 34 engaging apin 35 projecting laterally from the carrier 26. One feature of the carrier and its mounting to which I desire to call attention is the manner in which the upper end of the carrier is gibbed against the face of the standard. The upper end ofthe carrier is arcuate, being, in fact, the arc of aicircle whose axis is coincident with the axis .of movement of the carrier. The upper end of the carrier is groovcd from front to rear, the right hand wall of the groove being upwardly and outwardly beveled to provide a guiding sdriace 36. With this guiding surface cooperates a gib standard and held in place by a ring nut 39; The inner or right hand face of the carrier is adapted 'to rest, and is held by theg'ib, against a bearing surface 40 which is mined on3the standard as illustrated in Fig. 3. This gih further holds the carrier firmly in its seat or hearing.

' To provide a multiple adjustment of the cutter 'car riot I employ a plurality. of abutments and asingle them independently of the others. he locking member consists of a cam 42 adapted to be moved axially. upon a. pivot pin 43 passed transversely through the wallsoi the groove in the I'upper end of the carrier. This cam is adapted to playback and forth transversely in me groovcso that it may be brought into position to engage either oi the two abutmeiits 44- 45. 'These projection 46 which extends to the left at the top of the standard so as to bring their ends into position to be engagt-d by the cam 42. Byswingiug the cam towards abutment-s, the cutter carrier will be moved towards the"work and locked into position there-being a stop held. against movement when its major axis registers with the longitudinal-median line of the-abutment 44'45, as the case maybe.

the end of which is adapted to force a wedge pin-31 locking member adapted to be ong-aged with each of abutments consist of screws which are passed into a .47 which limits the movement of the cam so that it is,

37' which is formed upon' 'a :bar 38 passed through the the. operator, when it-is in position to engage one of the whichl have illustrated l hove described more or less I minutely some iueidentnl l'entures which nre not.-

strictly essentiol to the invention. and 1 therefore do i not limit lnysclz' to such details.

I desire to have it further understood that the phraseology which l have employed is for the purpose of description nnd not of limitation. nod that the invention may he embodied in other forms which may read ily suggest themselves to those skill'ul in the nrt. to which this lll\'t-|ttlnll relnles.

I hurt ret'erred In the fact that-in lieu oi rollers for use as work rests I Illt\ employ swivels, that is to soy, instead of having a. eirct'ihu' rest which rotates complelely about its hearing [may use a roller which has its periplu-ry notched. These notches may he V-' shnped or in the form of rcntrnnt angles, or the notches nmy he of such shnpe us. to accurately [it work .of a particular diameter. .In Fig. 13, for instance, each of the swivels or rollers is provided with a plurality. of

notches or rcntmnt nngles adapted to it work uf'dif-' .t'erent diameters. whereas in Fig. l4 the notches are rounded. The udvmiluge ot' u swivel for use as a hack rest. will probably be nppnrentat once] I may state, however. that with lthe intrtnlm-tion of high speed steels it. has been found thato back rest which takes a.

sliding contact with the, work limits the speed. Fortnerly the track rests outlasted the cutting tools, but under present: conditions the cutting tool 'ontlnsts the hack rest. Although rolls have been used to reduce, the friction as I propose to use them here under certain" conditions, nevertheless there is tendency which cannot bcfdisregnrdcd for the work to carry chips and grit between it and the roll so as to leave defects in the.

work. Again, if the roll is eccentric or iinpert'c-ct in.

shape, the finished work will he :i-tfeeted by this variat ion. By the use of a swivel back rest I obtain a sliding contact with the work, but since each hitck rest takes hearing'at two points instead of one, it practically reduces hy one-half the pressure'for a givcnorea of the work, and this greatzly'iucreases the en'dtunnc'eof the. back rest, I will preferablyprovide the turner as a 'whole with interchangeable roller hock rests and swivel back rests so thatthc user may employ either as he sees fit. I

Having thus explained the nature of t-heinvehtion,

niid described a way of eonstructing and using the some, although without attempting to set forth n-ll ol' the iorms in which it may-ho mode, or all of the modes of its use, I declare that what I claim is:-

1. In a tur'nlng toolfn'frnme httving n henrlng socket a crank shul't jourrmled ln snld"henrln; socket. n ernnk nrm. nnd u pln on snld nrm. all eonslltnting n cnrrler: and u tgohttnhle'work rest jourunled on sold pln nod l,\'lu 4 suhsluntlully between the ends of said cruuk shnl' tz- In it tnrnlug tool. it I rnme. ""Ittltllallllt' work rest. n

roeklug currler for sold work rest. suld curl-tor eonnulshu:

henrlng for sold buck rest throughout the full wldth lln-n-ot'. and menus Independent of the pln for holdllig Bald llttt'lt rest onsnld pin.

In n' lurnlnc tool. n frame. it rotntnble work rest, it straight e,\'tlud'rlrul ernnk pln on whlch snld work rest Is Jinn-lulled. Ii. ernuk nrm lmrlm, nt one end nn aperture to receive snld plu. lruunlons oh the opposlte end of the crank I arm extending In opposltc dlrectlons to form a crank shnt't holders.

and llttlug In u socket In snld frnme. one of suld trnunlorls hurlng menus for holding the work rest on sold plu.

7|. In a turnlng tool. work rests. Independent rocking cnrrlers therefor. niornhle rownrds nnd from the workuxls. lmlependenl' adjustable nhutments for rcslstlng the thrust of each rest. nnd menus for shnultnneotmly throwlng sold ulurtments successively luto and out of operutlve position v with respect to thelr corresponding rests.

d. In u turning tool. Iudc'pcndcnt: rockIug-enrrlers, work rests on the free ends ot'sald enrrlers. n plurality 0! ohmnn-nts for resisting: the thrust or, each work rest, at holder for eneh set of nlmt ients. nud means for uctuntlng sold 7. In a turning tool. it work rest. n cnrrlor therefor. n rotntublo holder. und n plurnllty of nhul'ments curried by the holder arranged at: on nugle to each other. \\llt.leh snid 'holder may be rotated to bring ench abutment lut'o nrtlre nosltion with respect: to the cnrrier.

-- thereon. n rotntuble holder and sepnrnlely ndjustnhl nhullncnts on sold holder so nrrnnged with respect to ench other that by moving the holder each of said uhut'ments may he .brought separntel into uctive posltlou to resist the thrust.

of the work rest; and cnrrler. and the others moved into Inactive positions.

t). In :r-turning tool. a movable cnrrler, a work re'st thereon. u. rutatuhlc holder. an nhurrnent curried thereby and adapted to he moved by said holder to engage the currler. and means for rotating the holdenit). In '11 "turnlng tool. rocking carriers nrrnugcd at an ungle to ench other. u work rest: on the free end of ench lUt carrier. at movable holder in operntlve relrttlon to each cnrrler. n plurality of nhullueuts on each. holder adapted to be moved successively Into position to resist the thrust of the corresponding currier. nml a device for movingboth of sntdholdcrs.

11. In u turning tool, at work rest, a carrier therefor, a

plurnllt'r of nhutnn-nts adapted to separately roslst the thrust of the carrier. and menus to slmulthneously move one of sold nhutments lnlo nud the other out: of active pothe carrier.

H. In at turning tool. n frame. a rocking enrrler, a work rest: oll the fr e end of snl'd carrier, a holder suekclcd in u solid portion or the frame nnd hnrlug nu abutment engngns the, fr e eluloti,,the carrier, snld nhut'ment Delmgnr rnnged' In the direct line of thrust of the work agulusL the eurrler.

13. Ill it turnhu: tool. n' Home lmrlng n socket. u cutter. u cutter enrrler Im\'lu n semi-extin'lrlenl .end tilting ln sold socket. In snid frame. and u Kll) oh the frame eugnglng the .free end ol the enrrier'nlul holdhu. suld Currier-In It's socket.

.16. In n turnlug tool. n frame having it scml-cyllndricul sdcket nud n hearing fore. n utter.-u cutter currler restlng ngnlnst: suld lnce und Inn-lug u seml-eyllmlrlenl end Journnled In suhl socket. and n glh on sold Irnmc engaging the free end of mild carrier to hold lt In Its socket nnd ugrilnst the sold farce.

l7. tnrnlm; tool eolmi-rislng n frame, it rocklng currler l ranged in the tlue of the thrust; of the work ngnlnst." 

